1 Hales S. Statical Essays Containing Haemastaticks, Or, An Account of Some Hydraulick and Hydrostatical Experiments Made on the Blood and Blood-vessels of Animals: Also an Account of Some Experiments on Stones in the Kidneys and Bladder with an Enquiry Into the Nature of Those Anomalous Concretions: to which is Added, an Appendix, Containing Observations and Experiments Relating to Several Subjects in the First Volume, the Greatest Part of which Were Read at Several Meetings Before the Royal Society: with an Index to Both Volumes: W. Innys and R. Manby, at the west-end of St. Paul’s, and T. Woodward, at the Half Moon between the Temple-Gates, Fleetstreet. 1733.
2 Rocci SR. Un nuovo sfigmomanometro. Gazz Med Torino 1896;981:1001.
3 Korotkoff N. Contribution to the methods of measuring blood pressure; second preliminary report 13 December 1905. Vrachebnaya Gazeta. 1906;10:278.
4 Headlines of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 1945.
5 Messerli FH. This day 50 years ago. In: Mass Medical Soc; 1995.
6 Kannel W, Dawber T, McNamara P, Cohen M. Vascular disease of the brain – epidemiologic aspects: the Framingham Study. American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health. 1965;55(9):1355–66.
7 Smithwick RH, Thompson JE. Splanchnicectomy for essential hypertension: results in 1,266 cases. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1953;152(16):1501–4.
8 E F. A history of hypertension treatment. In. Oparil S, Weber MA eds Hypertension: Companion to Brenner & Rector’s The Kidney 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders; 2005.
9 Trial V. Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 through 129mmHg. JAMA. 1967;202:1028–34.
10 Group VACS, Agents OA. Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension: II. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressure averaging 90 to 140 mm Hg. JAMA. 1970;213:l.
11 López-Sendó J, Swedberg K, McMurray J, Tamargo J, Maggioni AP, Dargie H, et al. Expert consensus document on β-adrenergic receptor blockers: The Task Force on Beta-Blockers of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2004;25(15):1341–62.
12 Lopez-Sendon J, Swedberg K, McMurray J, Tamargo J, Maggioni AP, Dargie H, et al. Expert consensus document on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiovascular disease. The Task Force on ACE-inhibitors of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2004;25(16):1454–70.
13 Lee RJ, Brunner HR. Clinical experience with angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Journal of human hypertension 1993;7(Suppl2):S33–6.
14 Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, Bohm M, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2013;34(28):2159–19.
15 James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, Cushman WC, Dennison-Himmelfarb C, Handler J, et al. 2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. 2014;311(5):507–20.
16 Kaplan H, Thompson RC, Trumble BC, Wann LS, Allam AH, Beheim B, et al. Coronary atherosclerosis in indigenous South American Tsimane: a cross-sectional cohort study. Lancet. 2017;389(10080):1730–9.
17 Mancilha-Carvalho Jde J, Souza e Silva NA. The Yanomami Indians in the INTERSALT Study. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia. 2003;80(3):289–300.
18 Hollenberg NK, Martinez G, McCullough M, Meinking T, Passan D, Preston M, et al. Aging, acculturation, salt intake, and hypertension in the Kuna of Panama. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979). 1997;29(1 Pt 2):171–6.
19 MacMahon S, Peto R, Cutler J, Collins R, Sorlie P, Neaton J, et al. Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 1, Prolonged differences in blood pressure: prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet. 1990;335(8692):765–74.
20 LaRosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD, Shear C, Barter P, Fruchart JC, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. The New England journal of medicine. 2005;352(14):1425–35.
21 Wright JT, Jr., Williamson JD, Whelton PK, Snyder JK, Sink KM, Rocco MV, et al. A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control. The New England journal of medicine. 2015;373(22):2103–16.
22 Luscher TF. From ‘essential’ hypertension to intensive blood pressure lowering: the pros and cons of lower target values. European heart journal. 2017;38(44):3258–71.
23 Rocco MV, Sink KM, Lovato LC, Wolfgram DF, Wiegmann TB, Wall BM, et al. Effects of Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment on Acute Kidney Injury Events in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). American journal of kidney diseases: the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2017.
24 Odden MC, Peralta CA, Berlowitz DR, Johnson KC, Whittle J, Kitzman DW, Beddhu S, et al. Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Gait Speed and Mobility Limitation in Adults 75 Years or Older: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA internal medicine. 2017;177(4):500–7.
25 Bauer F, Seibert FS, Rohn B, Bauer KAR, Rolshoven E, Babel N, Westhoff TH. Attended Versus Unattended Blood Pressure Measurement in a Real Life Setting. Hypertension 2017; online.
26 Whelton PK, Carey RM. The 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline for High Blood Pressure. Jama 2017;318(21):2073–4.
27 Messerli F, Rimoldi SM, Bangalore S: Changing Definition of Hypertension in Guidelines – How Innocent a Number Game? Eur. Heart J. 2018; online).
28 Heagerty AM, Bund SJ, Aalkjaer C. Effects of drug treatment on human resistance arteriole morphology in essential hypertension: direct evidence for structural remodelling of resistance vessels. Lancet. 1988;2(8622):1209–12.
29 Berry JD, Dyer A, Cai X, Garside DB, Ning H, Thomas A, et al. Lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease. The New England journal of medicine 2012;366(4):321–9.
30 Bangalore S, Messerli FH, Wun CC, Zuckerman AL, DeMicco D, Kostis JB, LaRosa JC. J-curve revisited: An analysis of blood pressure and cardiovascular events in the Treating to New Targets (TNT) Trial. European heart journal. 2010;31(23):2897–908.
31 Sever PS, Dahlof B, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers G, Caulfield M, et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial – Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361(9364):1149–58.
32 Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, Dahlof B, Elmfeldt D, Julius S, Menard J, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet. 1998;351(9118):1755–62.
With the comment function, we offer space for an open and critical exchange of expertise. We publish comments as long as they comply with our guidelines.