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Published on 20.04.2020
Syncope is a common symptom in emergency department visits and, despite extensive evaluation, still remains unexplained in a significant number of cases.The findings of this study support the concept that patients with SUA suffer from some form of neurally mediated syncope.
Total n = 153 | SUA n = 94 (61%) | NMS n = 31 (20%) | CA n = 13 (8%) | CSS n = 10 (6%) | MISC n = 5 (3%) | PPS n = 5 (3%) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 62 ± 21 | 61 ± 20 | 62 ± 23 | 75 ± 12 | 75 ± 15 | 60 ± 25 | 39 ± 10 | 0.006 |
Age ≥75 years old | 55 (36%) | 30 (32%) | 13 (42%) | 7 (54%) | 6 (60%) | 2 (40%) | 0 | 0.13 |
Female | 86 (56%) | 54 (57%) | 20 (65%) | 3 (23%) | 6 (60%) | 3 (60%) | 3 (60%) | 0.22 |
Number of CRF | 1.2 ± 1 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.2 |
Hypercholesterolaemia | 33 (22%) | 14 (15%) | 8 (26%) | 5 (38%) | 6 (60%) | 0 | 2 (40%) | 0.008 |
Active smoker | 43 (28%) | 28 (30%) | 10 (32%) | 2 (15%) | 3 (30%) | 0 | 1 (20%) | 0.71 |
Diabetes mellitus | 18 (12%) | 13 (14%) | 3 (10%) | 2 (15%) | 1 (10%) | 0 | 0 | 0.98 |
Hypertension | 70 (46%) | 43 (46%) | 13 (42%) | 10 (77%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (40%) | 0 | 0.06 |
Family history of SCD or CAD | 16 (11%) | 11 (13%) | 3 (10%) | 2 (15%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.92 |
Past history of CAD | 19 (12%) | 9 (10%) | 4 (13%) | 5 (38%) | 2 (20%) | 1 (20%) | 0 | 0.08 |
Abnormal ECG | 64 (42%) | 41 (44%) | 7 (23%) | 10 (77%) | 5 (50%) | 3 (60%) | 0 | 0.004 |
NYHA class >II | 9 (6%) | 5 (5%) | 1 (3%) | 0 | 2 (20%) | 1 (20%) | 0 | 0.2 |
Clinical heart failure | 7 (5%) | 2 (2%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (15%) | 1 (10%) | 1(20%) | 0 | 0.07 |
Syncope complications | 64 (42%) | 28 (30%) | 19 (61%) | 10 (77%) | 5 (50%) | 3 (60%) | 3 (60%) | 0.001 |
Prodromes | 102 (67%) | 63 (68%) | 23 (74%) | 7 (54%) | 7 (70%) | 4 (80%) | 3 (60%) | 0.83 |
Symptoms after syncope | 82 (54%) | 51 (55%) | 14 (45%) | 8 (62%) | 2 (20%) | 5 (100%) | 4 (80%) | 0.04 |
First episode of syncope | 75 (49%) | 55 (59%) | 7 (23%) | 7 (54%) | 3 (30%) | 2 (40%) | 1 (20%) | 0.004 |
Hospitalisation | 80 (52%) | 42 (45%) | 18 (58%) | 11 (85%) | 7 (70%) | 4 (80%) | 2 (40%) | 0.04 |
Recurrences | 23 (15%) | 16 (17%) | 4 (13%) | 0 | 1 (10%) | 1 (20%) | 1 (20%) | 0.6 |
Death | 16 (10%) | 9 (10%) | 3 (10%) | 4 (31%) | 1 (10%) | 0 | 0 | 0.34 |
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